References:
Each reference entry usually includes the following information: author, year of publication, title, and publishing information.
How to order references in a reference list:
Alphabetical letter by letter:
- Nothing precedes something. This is why “Smith, T.K.” would precede “Smithson, A.R.”
- Alphabetize entries with numerals as if the numerals were spelled out
- Works by same author or same list of authors
- Arranged by year of publication, the earliest first
- One author entries precede multiple-author entries containing the same surname
- References by the same first author, with multiple authors listed, are alphabetized by the last name of the second author.
- If a piece of information is missing, move the next appropriate piece of information to the beginning of the reference.
- For example, if there is no author, begin with the next piece of information: the title.
- Works by same author or same list of authors
Example References:
Periodical (published on a regular basis: journals, magazines, scholarly newsletters, etc):
Author, A.A., Author, B.B., & Author, C.C. (1994). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, xxx-xxx.
Online Periodical:
Author, A.A., Author, B.B., & Author, C.C. (1994). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, xxx-xxx. Retrieved month day, year, from source.
Online Document:
Author, A.A. (1994). Title of work. Retrieved month day, year, from source.
Nonperiodical (published separately: books, reports, brochures, manuals, audiovisual media)
Author, A.A. (1994). Title of work. Location: Publisher.
For more information on APA format, consult my reference: Publication Manual
